War, natural resources and the costs of global indifference

April 15th was two years since the war in Sudan broke out between the Sudanese armed forces (SAF) and Rapid Support Forces (RSF). The conflict began in 2023, after the generals Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, also known as Hemedti, derailed the transition from the country to civilian rule after the former dictator Omar al-Bashir was replaced.

The power struggle between these competing military factions destroyed the Sudan and arrived in the country, which human rights organizations call the greatest humanitarian crisis in the world.

A disaster snapshot

According to the United Nations and the International Rescue Committee, almost 13 million people were sold. Around 25 million are faced with acute nutritional uncertainty, and at least 150,000 people have been killed since the beginning of the conflict in 2023.

The hunger crisis of the Sudan is not the result of drought or natural scarcity. Instead, it is driven by the deliberate disability of humanitarian aid. Once regarded as a “bread basket” of Africa and the Middle East, Sudan has great potential to combat global food shortages due to its strategic situation and long -standing agricultural traditions.

“This is a crisis caused by people who are not driven by conflicts by drought or floods or earthquake and earthquake and due to the disability of access to humanitarian aid by parties in the conflict,” said Shaun Hughes from the United Nations’ Nations Nations. He warned that thousands of other Sudanese will die in the third year.

Global accomplice

A large part of the guilt for the continuation of the war was established on the failure of the international community. Reactions mainly consisted of convict statements, with little sensible intervention or effort to center Sudanese voices.

In a strikingly performative step, the United Kingdom, David Lammy, organized a conference with 20 other nations – including France, Germany, the European Union and the African Union – yesterday to discuss a “way to peace” in Sudan. However, no formal Sudanese representatives or Sudanese people were invited to the talks.

Eva Khair, head of the Sudanian transnational consortium, described the exclusion of Sudanese voices from the peace talks as “unforgivable”, especially since the United Arab Emirates (VAE), a suspected supporter of the RSF, were invited.

“It is deeply worrying to see more agency that gave the supporters of the conflict as a single Sudanese voice,” said Khair, referring to the role of VAE in supporting the RSF militia.

The VAE are currently Face Court proceedings at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) because of his alleged “support and complicity” for genocide in Sudan, especially in the brutal campaign of the RSF against Masalite and other non-Arab groups in Darfur.

The Golfand denied the allegations and the ICJ case of Sudan as “rejected” as “rejected”Nothing more than a cynical advertising agent who aimed to distract the attention of the established complicity of the Sudanese armed forces in the widespread atrocities that continue to devastate the Sudan and its population. “

However a leaked The expert report showed that several aircraft from the United Arab Emirates made suspicious, undiscovered flights in military bases in Chad, which increased the suspicion that the VAE secretly deliver weapons over the neighboring country.

At the beginning of 2024 the guardian reported A 41-page document sent to the United Nations, in which it was claimed that the VAE passes from the wrecks of a vehicle in Omdurman in Ost-Central Sudan were recovered. The report contained photographs of four passes from the VAE members aged 29 to 49, which indicates that the VAE employees were included in the Sudan on site.

In one year after the beginning of the war, the Raoul Wallenberg Center for Human Rights published a so -called first independent examination of the violations of the Convention on the Board of Völkermur in Darfur. The report came to the conclusion, based on “clear and convincing prove” that the RSF and the Allied militias celebrate ongoing genocide acts against the Masalite and other non-Arab groups.

Rape as a war weapon

Both the SAF and the RSF were accused of war crimes. While the SAF was carried out for indiscriminately air bombs due to its limited targeting technology, accusations against the RSF are more serious, including widespread sexual violence, torture and mass murders.

A current report by Amnesty International unveiled That the RSF rape as a systematic war weapon and aimed women and girls throughout Sudan. The report describes the attacks as deliberate efforts to “assert control and to displace the communities across the country”.

The report contains shocking reports on rape, gang rape and sexual slavery – – A woman who is raped during breastfeeding, a woman who is kept in sexual captivity in Khartum for 30 days in Khartum, and the victims who are tortured with boiling liquids or sharp blades.

“The attacks of the RSF on Sudanese women and girls are difficult, spoiled and aim to cause maximum humiliation,” deprose Muchena, Senior Director of Amnesty International for Regional Human Rights Effects.

“The world has to act to stop the atrocities of the RSF by granting the gun flow into the Sudan, putting the lead under pressure to end sexual violence and keep the perpetrator, including the best commanders,”, added Mucha.

More than a “civil war”

Designation of the conflict as a mere “civil war” simplified The dynamic in the game. The Sudan is how much Africa’s rich in natural resources – and this wealth has made it a goal historically. Foreign and domestic actors benefit enormously from the instability of Sudan, especially through access to gold and oil.

Sudan is one of the largest gold producers in Africa. Control over gold mines, especially in Darfur, leads directly to prosperity and power for those who are involved in the conflict.

In March, Reuters reported that rubber-Arabic-a resin of acacia trees, which are used as a stabilizer in soft drinks and sweets-smuggled from RSF-controlled regions. The RSF receives a fee from Sudanese dealers who market the product, which is then smuggled into neighboring countries without proper certification.

Sudan delivers around 80 percent of the world’s chewing gum and makes it one of its most important exports after gold and oil. In the past few months, retailers in nearby countries have suddenly started to offer them in large quantities and at low prices.

This has questioned the efforts of international companies to isolate their supply chain from the war. In the meantime, when the war continues and the cradle of the Nile civilization lies in ruins, the legacy of the region of natural wealth and old wisdom was overshadowed by images of shift and famine. As always, ordinary Sudanese people are abandoned, while politicians and geopolitical interests are the focus.